Monster Locations VI. Daily RPG news along with previews, reviews, fan arts, fan fics and a lot more!! In-depth Final Fantasy 7, Final Fantasy 8, Final Fantasy 9, Final Fantasy 10, and Final Fantasy 11 coverageBuy FF8 Now! On this page is a list of GF abilities, what kind they are, what they do, and where you get them. Blitz Ace. In addition, there are certain conditions to unlock weapons, and some weapons even require trade items to purchase. Jumbo Cactuar. Type regedit and press enter. Pocketstation/Chocobo World Technical FAQ Pocketstation/Chocobo World FAQ 2. Top;. if it has 25% of its max HP left, Card will succeed 75% of the time). Use Tidus' overdrive command 10 times. News. GAMBLER SPIRIT Ability: Card MOD 5 Shumi Tribe (Boss L. Final Fantasy VIII Guide: real F. O=====O | Item List (000C0) | O=====OFor Final Fantasy VIII Remastered on the Nintendo Switch, Items List by Vercingetorix. Welcome Squall and Rinoa from FINAL FANTASY VIII to WAR OF THE VISIONS FINAL FANTASY BRAVE EXVIUS! PLAY NOW. A. Unless you break the rules and give AP to Quetz to learn both the Card and Card Mod abilities, you won't be able to get a Gambler's Spirit. 3 3B Gambler Spirit 7E Dragon Fang C0 Pet Pals Vol. Introduction 2. Associated with the sun, a phoenix. 63. 12. Disclaimer and Credits 1. Notify me about new: Guides. Favorite Boards. . The game is not punishing as losing a battle pushes you down to 1HP with all items and levels remaining untouched. From Final Fantasy Inside. Start tracking progress. This guide is designed to provide players with a comprehensive guide to the massive mini-game that is Final Fantasy VIII's Triple Triad. Chicobo's Stats 5. Gambler (3) results After selecting page will be reloaded . Best Alchemist Mixes in Final Fantasy X-2 (Ranked) Best Chemist Mixes in Final Fantasy V;Adamantite is found in the meteor Galuf arrived on, and is used to upgrade the airship to fly higher and reach the Ronka Ruins. Refine is an ability used by Guardian Forces in Final Fantasy VIII. Gagazet. 4 3C Healing Ring 7F Spider Web C1 Pet Pals Vol. 7C Sleep Powder BE Pet Pals Vol. For each group of abilities you'll find a list featuring the name of each ability followed by a brief description of it, the Guardian Forces that know Bomb Card. 9 8 5 A 3 Common Dead Spirit x100 G- 93 Pandemonium G. It depicts NORG, a Shumi "elder" whom the party faces as a boss after the Garden Riot event. Squall, a member of Balamb Garden Military Academy's elite mercenary force SeeD, other allies from the Garden, and Rinoa, a. PHOENIX SPIRIT Ability: Revive (revive ally from Wounded status for free) [Alexander] Refine 2 into 10 Phoenix Down using Recov Med-RF. (800) 548-4486. Quistis has decent strength and magic like a Red or Blue Mage. It is commonly attributed to Rikku who starts out closest to it on the Sphere Grid and often acquires it first, but any character can activate it. You can teach the Card command to any GF with the Gambler Spirit item. The Boilermakers are favored by 3 points. Providing up-to-date information on all Final Fantasy games as well as unlimited media for download. These abilities open up Junction slots (remember that no Magic and no more than 3 Command Abilities and 2 total Character / Party Abilities can be Junctioned. The Game 4. RPGClassics. HUNGRY COOKPOT Ability: Devour Mod 1 PuPu card (UFO quest). Name. Obtain all items and abilities. FINAL FANTASY VIII. GF learns Card ability. Guides. * 1 received by modifying 5 Shumi Tribe (Boss L. After talking to one of the girls of the Library Committee, the player can head to Balamb and a girl in a red skirt will tell Zell that a girl with a pig-tail stopped by his house. Mark Forums ReadThis is a page on the Triple Triad card Phoenix from the game Final Fantasy VIII (FF8, FFVIII). Gambler Spirit: 50×. Card Mod: 5 = 1 Gambler Spirit N = 6, W = 4, E = 5, S = 8. A tooth from a fire-breathing dragon. 62. News. This page contains a list of cheats, codes, Easter eggs, tips, and other secrets for Final Fantasy VIII for PlayStation. Final Fantasy VIII (Video Game 1999) - The Gambler Spirit item can only be obtained by refining 5 Shumi Tribe Cards which can be either be randomly carded from turning Grats. 1×. Left Orb. The real reason, however, is the missing content. if it has 25% of its max HP left, Card will succeed 75% of the time). com, Dark Forsaken, hagelfwfox@netscape. 1 FINAL, 3/21/2007 About this FAQ This FAQ covers technical data about the Sony Pocketstation hand-held game device. GAMBLER SPIRIT Ability: Card (turns weakened enemy into card) [Quezacotl] Refine into 10 Wizard Stones using Tool-RF (Siren). Questions. Restores all HP and removes bad status effects. Gambler Spirit-1/64. Disc 1: from your first baby steps to. Etc. Steam Community: FINAL FANTASY VIII. Find all 30 ancestral tombs in Vvardenfell, make a rubbing of the information they contain, and deliver these rubbings to Librarian Bradyn to discover the location of the lost Library of Andule. Finding Mog, Weapons, and Items 7. Description The Red Fang deals Fire-elemental damage to enemies. )Jobs, also known as Classes or job classes, are roles assigned to playable characters that determine the character's proficiencies. However, in the spirit of Thanksgiving, we will discuss a few things that Detroit Tigers fans should be thankful for. Final Fantasy VIII; Final Fantasy (NES) Final Fantasy (PlayStation) Final Fantasy II (Famicom). Hungry Cookpot-1/64. Summary;. Battle items that simply deal damage to the. I remember from my experiences in the past with Final Fantasy 8 that I was able to win the MiniMog card and possibly the Quistis card from their respective locations before I defeated Ifrit in the Fire Cavern. Final Fantasy VIII has perhaps the most items of any title in the series. Monsters: Which Blizzaga can be drawn from – 22 shown. Item List . Reviews. Add this game to my: Favorite Games. Find Tickets. Item. Log in to add games to your lists. Refine Formulas: Consuming Shumi Tribe Card – 8 shown. This FAQ is dedicated to the virtual perfection that is Final Fantasy VIII, and to Square Soft, the most perfect game developer out there, hands down. Magic points (MP) are used to fuel spells and songs. All Items found in the game can be transferred to the main game and some Items can only be. Final Fantasy VIII PlayStation . You can teach the Card command to any GF with the Gambler Spirit item. Gambler Spirit Card Welcome to EIP Gaming! EIP Gaming is a site for gamers looking for and gaming news! We cover a variety of games including World of Warcraft, Cyberpunk 2077, Fallout 4, HOI4, Final Fantasy X/X-2, Skyrim, Valheim, The Outer Worlds, Dead by Daylight, Death’s Door, The Forgotten City, ICARUS, Elden Ring, Sifu, Stranger of Paradise: FFO, Hogwarts. Battle items that limit the abilities of the enemies but deal no damage. Whisper. When you import items, a random starting point on the table is selected, and you get the next X items, where X is the amount of items imported. Related. [TeamXPG] Final Fantasy VIII *Item Codes* Vash The Stampede Jul 10, 2016. Notify me about new: Guides. Add this game to my: Favorite Games. Gambler Spirit Card Mod: Shumi Tribe; Treatment Med Kit GFAbl Med-RF: 100x Dragon Fang. Home; Boards; News; Q&A;. It is a reward at the Dragon's Neck Coliseum for betting an Elixir and defeating the Cactuar, or for betting the Merit Award and defeating the Covert. Vash The Stampede Developer XPG Developer TeamXPG. 2. Some items can only be bought with the Familiar ability. 80 Magic, L. Gambler's Spirit may refer to: The recurring item. Battle and junction effects and refinement/drawing information for the Grat monster in Final Fantasy VIII (FF8, FFVIII, PlayStation Network, PS, PS1, PSX, PSN) Final Fantasy. on Characters: PART 1:. รายละเอียดเว็บไซต์ - บทสรุป บทสรุปเกม สูตรเกม สูตรโกง รวมสูตรโกง เทคนิคการเล่น- เว็บรวมบทสรุปเกม สูตรเกม เช่น game online,facebook,psp,Xbox360,wii,ps3,ps2,nds,pc,SFC,FF,MD,console,walkthroughAllow me to illustrate my point: Check under the "GFAbl Med-RF" section and you may notice that it clearly states that in order to make a Phoenix Spirit you need 20 Phoenix Downs, but in reality to make this item you need 20 Phoenix PINIONS, which is QUITE different. This page contains a list of cheats, codes, Easter eggs, tips, and other secrets for Final Fantasy VIII for PlayStation. Q&A. Introduction to GF Alright, GF ( or Guardian Forces) are Final Fantasy VIII’s summons, before VIII the summons usually were nothing more than creatures that created havoc in battle in the previous games and were called eseprs, summons or summoning spells, one of the main inovations in Final Fantasy VIII was the way that the GF’s. Reviews. Summary;. Card Mod 5 cards yield 1× Gambler Spirit. Zell has high strength and HP but low magic/spirit like a Monk. Walkthrough and cross-referenced lists of monsters, weapons, items, spells and more for Final Fantasy VIII (FF8, FFVIII, PlayStation Network, PS, PS1, PSX, PSN) Final Fantasy. Conclusion 10. Controls 3. The Game 4. The following is a list of status effects in Final Fantasy VIII. 3B Gambler Spirit 3C Healing Ring 3D Phoenix Spirit 3E Med Kit 3F Bomb Spirit 40 Hungry Cookpot 41 Mog's Amulet 42 Steel Pipe 43 Star FragmentGuided by an enigmatic moogle spirit, Jack and his allies travel to a city in another dimension. 205/282. Favorite Boards. Increases to maximum HP are equal to the character's Stamina stat. Notify me about new: Guides. Walkthrough and cross-referenced lists of monsters, weapons, items, spells and more for Final Fantasy VIII (FF8, FFVIII, PlayStation Network, PS, PS1, PSX, PSN) Final Fantasy. If Provoked, Gaze has a smaller chance of inflicting Confusion. Forbidden Medicine. Usage :When used in battles, it allows you to turn an enemy into a card. Item Scroll: GF learns Item ability. Gambler Spirit is an item that teaches any GF the ability Card. Hi, The first bounty is on black road (blacksmiths): in the village (near 730 -1450) 2-5 are on this post. This page is an Item List from the game Final Fantasy VIII (FF8, FFVIII). Log in to add games to your lists. Namespaces. Level 7 Cards: Name: Modification: Propagator. Final Fantasy VIII; Final Fantasy (NES) Final Fantasy (PlayStation) Final Fantasy II (Famicom). The average AP per battle will be less than on the beach, but approximately 1 in 16 successful carding attempts will result in a Shumi Tribe card instead of a Grat or T. Squall Death Claw/1 = Sharp Spike Cactuar/1 = Cactus Thorn Once your GF's learn STR+10%, 20%, etc. Actually, I might as well just expand this to concern filling out the last few slots in my inventory. Final Fantasy VIII Guide. Draw Scroll:. For Final Fantasy VIII Remastered on the PlayStation 4, Items List by Vercingetorix. In here you will see and learn how to play the awesome side game Triple Triad! I explain alot in this guide, and the tips and tricks of the game. The 27 Best T-Shirts on the Planet. F. Items. Explore. Triple Triad is a fun card game in Final Fantasy VIII. HUNGRY COOKPOT Ability: Devour Mod 1 PuPu card (UFO quest). American Spirit 100% Organic Roll-Your-Own Tobacco, 1. Leaving him away in his game allows him to collect more items. Cheats. Ornitholestes drops them 2 at a time, and 4 at a time for an Overkill. Boards. In the game's data Neslug's entry is not near. The Walkthrough. = 20:05 time remaining = 50 Modifier Attack = 25 Kills total = 50 Modifier Spirit = 1 Escape = 100 Modifier Attitude = No Deductions = 100 Modifier Bonus = X-ATM092 Destroyed = Bonus = +1 ([500 +. Home; Boards; News; Q&A; Community;. Board Topics. com - Providing RPG info on all your favorite games with a sprinkling of personalityFor Final Fantasy VIII on the PC, Items List by Vercingetorix. The sequence of menu abilities that must be used to complete this refine formula; each step in a sequence uses all of the results from the previous step. Abilities. Both are equally at conflict with each other as their country is with Galbadia; to others, Squall appears lacking in team. 3 on Mar 13, 2000 Updated to v1. HP caps at 9999. Gambler Spirit: Tool-RF: 1:10: Wizard Stone: GF Scroll: Tool-RF: 1:10: Wizard Stone: Giant's Ring: GFAbl Med-RF: 10:1: Gaea's Ring: Supt Mag-RF: 1:60:. Introduction 2. Vysage: 1 will refine into 1 Wizard Stone. Strangesounds 13 years ago #1. Equip abilities like Mag+20% Mag+40% etc. Yugi and his friends love playing Duel Monsters, a. World Events 6. Occult Fan I features a story about Odell Burke, who heard a loud noise while making a fence out of steel pipes, only. Board. More. To continue, go to Balamb Garden's 2F balcony and exit out to a linear metallic structure. Walkthrough and cross-referenced lists of monsters, weapons, items, spells and more for Final Fantasy VIII (FF8, FFVIII, PlayStation Network, PS, PS1, PSX, PSN) Final Fantasy. Battling Enemies 9. Gambler: Two equipped: elemental skill damage +20% Four equipped: defeating an enemy has a 100% chance to remove Fischl’s elemental skill cooldown. I recorded all of this on my iPhone so the quality is not the best. By MetalHead84. Then turn those into a 1x Gaea ring with GFAbl Med Refine. by AtomicRaven Updated to v1. $43 Star Fragment. These characters and jobs are based on games of chance, such as slots, cards, and dice. From here they observed a myriad of worlds and dimensions. Notify me about new: Guides. The gambler's mentality. Gambler Spirit: GF learns Card ability: 1: Tool-RF: 10 Wizard Stone: Healing Ring:Triple Triad is FFVIII's card game, and a highly rewarding mini-game. PC Android iOS (iPhone/iPad) Nintendo Switch PC PlayStation 4 Xbox One. Dual Weapon in Final Fantasy XIII) is a recurring type of weapon in the Final Fantasy series, first appearing in Final Fantasy VIII. The ability from Dissidia 012 Final Fantasy. PHOENIX SPIRIT Ability: Revive Từ 20 Phoenix Pinions tại GFAbl Med-RF (Eden). 2. Card Mod 5. PC Android iOS (iPhone/iPad) Nintendo Switch PC PlayStation 4 Xbox One. Poison Powder: Powder with Poison effect. Even though the remaster doesn't have separate discs, I chose to use the old divisions of the game to organise the walkthrough into chapters, at least until the final mission which the PS1 version split unnaturally across the third and fourth discs. This product is a remaster of FINAL FANTASY VIII, featuring multiple enhancements including additional options to customise your gameplay experience and difficulty, such as: Battle assist options (HP, ATB gauge, and Limit Break boosts) Game speed boost (x3) No random encounters. This is a completionist walkthrough. Pacers vs. Gambler Spirit: 50×. The base spell multiplier is Spirit/4 + 1. Trophy Points: 45. 1 Cheats (raw) 1. As HP, strength and vitality are all much easier to mod from cards on disc 4 for items that'll refine. Final Fantasy VIII. 63. 41 oz, 6 ct Item 4546 100% Organic Tobacco; 1. More. MV Spirit of British Columbia is an S-class ferry, part of the BC Ferries fleet active along the British Columbia coast. Healing Ring. 3 3B Gambler Spirit 7E Dragon Fang C0 Pet Pals Vol. Read on if you would like to find out more about Level 6 Card List - Triple Triad. The Dragon Scale is a key item obtained by giving the Viera Rucksack to the Viera Wayfarer after defeating Vyraal. Special monsters are particularly powerful or otherwise noteworthy; bosses are only encountered in special plot encounters; super bosses are optional special battles of extreme difficulty; the final bosses must be defeated to complete the game. The Index will link off to the individual materials pages where you’ll find info about how to obtain each of them via drops, steals, or where to purchase them in-game. Nanabozho is the Ojibwe trickster figure and culture hero (these two. 1:30 Fire Ammo 6 Shumi Tribe Boss 6 5 8 4 N/A TRexaur,Grat 5:1 Gambler Spirit 6 Krysta Boss 7 5 8 1 N/A Bomb,Buel789 1:10 Holy Stones ===== 7 Propagator Boss 8 4 4 8 N/A Blitz, Mesmerize 1:1 G-Mega-Potion 7 Jumbo Cactaur Boss. Also see GameShark Codes for more Final Fantasy VIII cheat codes. It is the eighth main installment in the Final Fantasy series. Menu. ×. Items that can be refined into Blue Magic items using the Tool-RF ability. Final Fantasy VIII; Final Fantasy (NES) Final Fantasy (PlayStation) Final Fantasy II (Famicom). 61. Kinda redudant if you have this many Up's. Shumi Tribe: 5 = 1 Gambler Spirit; [T-Rexaur, Grat] Krysta: 1 = 10 Holy Stone [Bomb, Buel] LEVEL 7. Home. T-Rexaur: 2 will refine into 1 Dino Bone. So far, only 'Final Fantasy 8', 'Street Fighter Alpha Zero' and 'Ridge Racer' english titles support this device. Though listed near the end of the GF roster, it can be obtained as soon as the player gets the means of manual sea travel. Q&A. Dragons for Hit Points, T-Rexaurs for Strength, Adamantoises for Vitality, Behemoths for. 40=1 Jet Engine. Stewardship: Every gambler picks up litter and trail trash along the way. It typically does Fire damage to enemies. Abilities. (Door To Tomorrow+Wings To Discovery/Underdog's Secret/Gambler's Spirit, Gambler's Spirit+Gambler's Spirit) Hero Drink: Special Effects: One Ally--. Catastrophe resembles the Sinspawn Geneaux fought on the steps of Kilika Temple, and Sinspawn Genais that is fought on Sin. Pocketstation/Chocobo World Technical FAQ Pocketstation/Chocobo World FAQ 2. Gambler Spirit: GF learns Card Mod ability. GAMBLER SPIRIT Ability: Card (turns weakened enemy into card) [Quezacotl] Refine into 10 Wizard Stones using Tool-RF (Siren). Low on advertising; high on the stuff you really want. The overall chance of Card succeeding is the same as the enemy's current HP as a percentage of its max HP (e. * 1 received by modifying 5 Shumi Tribe (Boss L. Summary;. Credits: Code Master, Thunder2, Jigger, Stryker, Slab, hexadecimal82@earthlink. 5=1 Gambler Spirit. This article was created by Game8's elite team of writers and gamers. Abilities. 10 on Apr 15, 2006 Updated to v1. They first appeared in Final Fantasy III and have appeared in some capacity in every. Zombie Powder. Whenever you send Chicobo Home through the FF8 save menu, those items are awarded to the then-active party. Appearances [] Final Fantasy VI []. Battling Enemies 9. As I gathered them I checked them out with the Ability Menus and began filling out the sheet. Home. Board Messages. Revealed on June 13, 2021 at the Square Enix Presents digital presentation for that year's E3, Stranger of Paradise follows Jack, Ash,. Mog's Amulet-1/64. The Game 4. In the game's data Neslug's entry is not near the other Original Creations, but. Item Doom Related Gambler Spirit Type GF Medicine Description GF learns Card ability Value 1,250 gil (1,875 gil with the Sell-High menu ability) Used in Battle No Menu Effect. com & OsirisFinal Fantasy VIII PlayStation . One of the weirdest sidequests in Final Fantasy 8 Remastered, tracking down a close encounter of the third kind will net you the rare and one of a kind PuPu alien card. Finding Mog, Weapons, and Items 7. These extremely powerful healing items remove all status ailments (except KO and Zombie) in addition to restoring HP to full. 60. Guides. Gambler Spirit: Grat. $3F Bomb Spirit. More. Summon Attack. Introduction 2. Gambler Spirit: 50×. Q&A. LEVEL 4 monster cards. Fury Fragment [4:1] Adamantoise. Galbadia, a Global Superpower, has declared war on Dollet, a country whose training academy is home to two personalities: the hot-headed Seifer and the 'lone wolf', Squall Leonhart. Each item class has two item tables, and each table has 64 entries. Complete 30 daily quests for Huntmaster Sorim-Nakar or Numani-Rasi. I even tell of all the cards and the the rare one. If you get 5 shumi tribe cards, you can get Gambler Spirit so that you have duel card. When used in a fusion, it will grant Vitality +1 to the new Materia for. GF learns Revive Ability 20x Phoenix Pinion : 1x Phoenix Spirit [GFAbl Med-RF] 1x. ”. After the scene, keep talking to the first guy you meet until he leaves, then continue following the path until you reach a large water tank. 20x Normal Ammo. For Final Fantasy VIII Remastered on the Nintendo Switch, No Magic Stat Boost FAQ by AtomicRaven. James 4:17 says, “If anyone, then, knows the good they ought to do and doesn’t do it, it is sin for them. net, ffix2k@aol. Not every shop sells every item; e. Galbadia Garden. Most enemies are carrying items, that can be stolen or won. This item allows you to teach the "Card" ability (that. Dragons for Hit Points, T-Rexaurs for Strength, Adamantoises for Vitality, Behemoths for. The number of this item, spell, or card that is consumed by this formula. Notify me about new: Guides. When the Japanese name is the. 5,000. Triple Overdrive: Winning Formula 30 Overdrive gauge charge speed x3. Can only occur once every 15 seconds:. Refine is an ability used by Guardian Forces in Final Fantasy VIII. . Knife (originally called Cleaver) is Tonberry's attack. R E F I N I N G I T E M S by Haruka-Minako Disclaimer: This FAQ may not be taken and used on another webpage, or copied and issued under an author's name other than 'Haruka-MinakoWalkthrough and cross-referenced lists of monsters, weapons, items, spells and more for Final Fantasy VIII (FF8, FFVIII, PlayStation Network, PS, PS1, PSX, PSN) Final Fantasy. Battle items that target the allies. If you acquire a {Gambler Spirit} item you can teach another GF how to card opponents as well, making it much quicker and easier to finish no-XP combat. Then junction to his strength tornadoes if Abyss Worm/1 = Windmill you have 100 of them. The only reliable way to get Gambler's Spirit is through Card Mod with Shumi cards. Then use Forbid med refine to turn your Gaea ring into 1x HP Up. It has the same model as the Ahriman. Suggested Ability Learning Order. Menu. 100x Whisper : 1x Healing Ring [GFAbl Med-RF] Phoenix Spirit. that will help. Reviews. Spellcasting and song performing works in the same way that it does in the Pathfinder, but all spells/songs suffer spell failure from armor and all spells/songs cost magic points rather than number of spells/songs per day. Favorite Boards. Finding Mog, Weapons, and Items 7. Gambler Spirit (Final Fantasy VIII) GF Scroll; Giant's Ring (Final Fantasy VIII) Girl Next Door (Final Fantasy VIII) Glow Curtain (Final Fantasy VIII)FINAL FANTASY 8 - SECRETS. A fight is not won by one. Megalixir. This is a list of items that appear in Final Fantasy VII. PC Android iOS (iPhone/iPad) Nintendo Switch PC PlayStation 4 Xbox One. Some of them disappear after they have been used. Home; Boards; News; Q&A. Final Fantasy VIII; Final Fantasy (NES) Final Fantasy (PlayStation) Final Fantasy II (Famicom). Item: GF Learns Ability. 2. It can't be obtained through Angelo Search and it can't be obtained through refinement. Name. The sequence of menu abilities that must be used to complete this refine formula; each step in a sequence uses all of the results from the previous step. Card Mod Skill Card Mod is an ability found on the menu that allows you to turn cards into items. They are skills that allow you to transform items into magic, other items, or other results. Enter the Galbadia Garden and you’ll be treated to a short movie showing off the technological superiority of Galbadia Garden, which transitions artfully back. Dead Spirit: Spirit containing Death status. New Blacksmith Feature: Fabrication. Ornitholestes drops them 2 at a time, and 4 at a time for an Overkill. More Fandoms. Home. Gambler Spirit Card Doing a combo in a card game Fisherman's Horizon Le fart Stocking scan spell, so can scan Selphie later and try to see her underwearWelcome to EIP Gaming! EIP Gaming is a site for gamers looking for and gaming news! We cover a variety of games including World of Warcraft, Cyberpunk 2077, Fallout 4, HOI4, Final Fantasy X/X-2, Skyrim, Valheim, The Outer Worlds, Dead by Daylight, Death’s Door, The Forgotten City, ICARUS, Elden Ring, Sifu, Stranger of Paradise: FFO, Hogwarts. Final Fantasy VIII Item/Magic FAQ (NA) by Dan Orner Updated to v1. pdf), Text File (. Card title: How to obtain: Utility:60.